Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes chronic conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease that cause inflammation in the intestinal tract.

What Is IBD?

IBD primarily includes two main types:

• Crohn's Disease: Crohn's disease can impact any section of the gastrointestinal tract, spanning from the mouth to the anus.
• Ulcerative Colitis: Primarily affects the large intestine.

There is also a third type known as indeterminate colitis, which displays characteristics of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

What Causes IBD?

IBD is classified as an autoimmune disorder, meaning the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the intestines. While the exact triggers remain unclear, researchers are investigating genetic, environmental, and immune factors, as well as the gut microbiome's role. Interestingly, people of Jewish ancestry have a higher risk of developing IBD, and the condition is less common in the southern hemisphere.

What Are the Symptoms of IBD?

IBD symptoms can vary widely and often come and go in cycles. Common symptoms include:

• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea (sometimes with blood)
• Urgency to have bowel movements
• Rectal bleeding
• Weight loss
• Fever
• Anemia

Additionally, IBD can affect other body parts, leading to complications such as eye inflammation, mouth sores, and skin issues.

How Is IBD Different from IBS?

It's essential to distinguish IBD from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). While both conditions affect the intestines, IBS does not involve inflammation. Instead, IBS symptoms may stem from nerve sensitivity or motility issues, leading to alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea.

How Is IBD Treated?

Treatment aims to achieve remission and manage symptoms. This often includes:

• Medications: Options may include antibiotics, antidiarrheal medications, biologics, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators.
• Surgery: In severe cases where medications are ineffective, surgical options like colectomy may be necessary.

Managing IBD often requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare providers who specialize in gastroenterology.

At Prabhat Memorial Hiramati Hospital, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Our experienced team of gastroenterologists is here to help you navigate your symptoms and create a personalized treatment plan. Schedule your consultation today to take the first step toward better health